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Carpet Beetles in Homes
- Small fuzzy larvae that infest
stored food and fabrics -
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Summary:
Carpet beetles, a type of dermestid beetle, infest
both fabrics and stored food. Sanitation, cleaning and
the discarding of infested items, is the best control
strategy. Since most houses have at least a few carpet
beetles, don't be overly alarmed if you find some.
Jack DeAngelis, PhD
OSU Ext. Entomologist
(ret.)
my resume
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Identification of carpet beetles
There are at
least four different carpet, or dermestid, beetle
species that invade homes. All are less than 1/4"
long, some only 1/8", some are a uniformly dark color
while others have brown, white or black scales on
their back (see photo right). Dermestid beetles have a
larval stage that appears "fuzzy" or "hairy" (see
photo below).
Adult beetles
feed on plant pollen and nectar but larvae feed on, wool, fur, hide, animal
horn, feathers, hair, silk, linen, cotton, and rayon.
Soiled fabrics are much more likely to attract carpet
beetle feeding than clean fabrics. Carpet beetle
larvae also infest stored food items such as cereal,
grains, nuts, dry pet food and spices.
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carpet beetle
(magnified; ~ 1/8" long); some carpet
beetles are all black
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Infestations in
homes are usually found when these small beetles are
discovered on walls or floors. Fuzzy shed skins from
larvae are sometimes found in cabinets and draws. Since
the beetles are fairly active the actual infestation of
larvae may be some distance from where you see beetles.
Carpet beetles
are very common and there's no reason to be overly
concerned if you find a few larvae or adult beetles in
your home. Except for the fairly minor damage they do to
fabrics and stored food items dermestid beetles are
pretty harmless. But if you start finding more than a
few of these beetles use the control methods outlined
below to manage them to a level where damage is no
longer an issue. These beetles can also be important
pests in warehouses.
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carpet beetle larva
(magnified; ~ 1/4" long); larvae may be
tan, brown, gray or black but all have
long "hairs" which makes them look fuzzy
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Control of dermestid carpet beetles
Cleaning
is the best and safest way to control beetle larvae.
Carefully check shelves where dry foods are stored,
especially dry pet foods, cereals, grains, and so forth.
Also check items made of natural fabrics, such as wool
carpets, wall hangings, and stuffed animals. Once
you find the main infestation clean or discard
anything that is infested.
If you find the
fuzzy carpet beetle larvae (see photo above), or their
shed skins, in kitchen cabinets then the infestation is
probably in food storage/pantry. Search stored food
containers and clean shelves with a mild household
cleaner .
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Once everything
is clean, cracks and crevices inside cabinets and
drawers can be treated with a low-toxicity dust
insecticide that is approved for this use such as EcoPCO DX, available
here
(DoMyOwnPestControl.com). Since product labels and usage
instructions can change, be sure to check the product
instructions before use. See Dust
Insecticides for additional information and
sources.
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Professional
Home
Pest
Control Sprays, Baits and Supplies
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Don't use
mothballs for fabric infestations
Normal dry
cleaning kills all stages of carpet beetles in clothing.
For long-term storage clean clothes can be placed in
air-tight plastic storage boxes. There's no need to use
mothballs in storage containers or closets. In fact,
recent studies warn about the health hazards of
mothballs (see Why Mothballs
Are Too Dangerous To Use).
Because they
are cleaned, clothes that are regularly worn will
generally not be damaged by carpet beetles or clothes
moths. Control of a carpet beetle infestation in a
clothes closet can be a long-term project so you'll need
patience. Carefully inspect and clean areas of suspected
infestation, and place clean clothes in storage boxes.
Stick with it and you'll eventually eliminate these
pesky critters.
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Store dry foods in air-tight containers
Dry foods such
as cereals, grains and pet food should be stored in
air-tight plastic or glass containers. This type of
storage container not only protects these items from
various insect pests but it also helps to keep them dry
and protected from mold.
Even packaged
dry foods that you purchase at the supermarket can be
infested with insects. A few insects will turn into many
if foods are stored for long periods. Unopened packages
that will be stored longer than about 2 months should be
treated with freezing. Exposure to freezing temperatures
in a standard home freezer for a couple of days will
kill all stages of pantry pests, including dermestid
carpet beetles. A chest freezer works well for larger
items like a bag of dog food.
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