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Yellowjacket Wasp
(Vespidae) Control
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Don't call 'em bees! -
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Summary:
Yellowjacket wasps are social insects that
live in large colonies organized by a queen wasp.
All worker yellowjackets are daughters of the queen.
Colonies, and nests, usually start in the spring,
grow through summer then die off in the fall.
Colonies are most dangerous in late summer
and early fall when colonies are at their peak size.
Jack
DeAngelis, PhD
OSU Ext.
Entomologist (ret.)
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These pages will help you get rid of dangerous
or threatening yellowjacket wasp nests
and reduce the potential for stings from these
insects.
Wasp identification
Yellowjacket wasps are medium
size (~1/2") distinctive black and yellow insects
(see photo right), some species such as the misnamed
"baldfaced hornet", however, are white over black.
Yellowjackets maintain relatively large colonies
inside an a completely enclosed nest. Paper
wasps, on the other hand, make an open face nest
in which the individual cells are clearly visible (see
The European Paper Wasp).
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yellowjacket, or social,
wasp
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Common misspellings and
misnomers for yellowjackets: yellow jackets,
bees, hornets, ground hornets, garbage bees
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Yellowjacket wasps (Vespula spp.)
are sometimes called simply "wasps", "social
wasps" or "social vespids". The common
names we use for wasps can be very confusing.
The most common social wasps that cause problems for
people worldwide are discussed below. These wasps make
large, papery nests either below ground or above
ground. Some species have adopted a scavenger
habit that brings them into contact with people
that makes them more dangerous.
There are many species of yellowjackets
but most people only encounter the scavenger
species. Scavenger species feed on both
living and non-living prey so are drawn to any
food within their search area such as a dead animal,
fallen tree fruit or our picnic food. These species
also tend to build larger and thus more threatening
nests. Most social wasp species, on the other hand,
are strictly predatory and have no interest in
our picnic food or fruit trees (see What
Are Scavenger Yellowjackets?).
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Yellowjacket colony life
Yellowjacket wasps live in large
colonies dominated by a queen. Colonies
start in the spring when the queen emerges from
winter dormancy. Once she rears a few
workers (female offspring) the queen no longer
leaves the nest. Colonies grow throughout
summer, reach maximum size by fall then
begin to decline. Most nests die out before
winter. Only mated queens survive until
the following spring.
Colonies become aggressive in
late summer
Wasps can be particularly
aggressive in late summer when colonies reach
maximum size. This aggression is generally
associated with colony defense but wasp
stings can occur away from the nest as
well. If you get stung, get moving! When
yellowjackets sting they may leave behind a
small amount of chemical marker that identifies
you as an enemy of the nest. For this
reason you should quickly leave the area after
being stung before other wasps have a chance to
swarm.
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Mission: To provide accurate, up-to-date and
unbiased information for solving common insect and
mite problems around your home, business and landscape
using least-toxic methods.
Jack DeAngelis, PhD,
, email:
[email protected]
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