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Thrips (Thysanoptera)

- Tiny, leaf-feeding insects -

Summary: Thrips are tiny insects that feed of leaf surfaces. They can be important pests in greenhouses.

Jack DeAngelis, PhD
OSU Ext. Entomologist (ret.)

What are thrips?

Thrips* are tiny (1-2 mm, about the size of a spider mite) insects with thin, feathery wings (right). Most thrips feed on plants but some species are predatory. Thrips feeding injury often appears as sunken, silvery patches on leaf surfaces.

Plant-feeding thrips develop from eggs through several immature stages to a pupal stage then emerge as adults. Eggs are laid in leaf tissue, larvae feed on leaves and the pupal stage often occurs off the plant in soil. There are multiple generations of thrips each year so populations can build rapidly to damaging levels. The generation time from egg to egg can be as little as two weeks.

Some thrips transmit an important plant virus while feeding. The virus, called tomato spotted wilt virus (impatiens necrotic spot virus), is lethal to a wide range of ornamental and garden plants. Commercial growers, therefore, often have zero tolerance for thrips in their greenhouses.

Use vent screens to protect greenhouses

Thrips usually enter greenhouses through open vents. Many large, commercial greenhouse growers now use fine mesh screens to prevent thrips entry. Screening vents, however, will slow air flow so additional vent area may be needed.

* Thrips is always plural, one thrips or many thrips. Common misspelling: thrip

 

western flower thrips
western flower thrips (magnified) with wings folded across back; large green tube is a leaf vein
thrips drawing
adult thrips, larvae are similar minus the feathered wings and a smaller body size

Use row covers

Row covers can be used to protect individual plants and trays from thrips, spider mites and aphids. Place row covers loosely and use a lightweight material.

Use yellow sticky traps

Some greenhouse growers prefer blue sticky traps for monitoring thrips activity but studies have shown that blue traps are only slightly more effective than the standard yellow sticky traps and the yellow traps are much easier to find. Use a minimum of 1-2 traps per 1000 square feet of greenhouse. Check traps every 2 or 3 days. Traps will capture winged aphids, fungus gnats, thrips and whiteflies.

Use insecticidal soap

Insecticidal soap is a very effective and low toxicity treatment for thrips. Apply soap sprays whenever sticky traps capture adult thrips. Complete coverage is key to success. Apply soap 3 times at 3-4 day interval in order to control all stages. Since thrips pupate in the soil there will always be a portion of the population that is not susceptible to these leaf sprays.

The Pest Management Store

Identification guides, reference and gardening books, etc.

Google
New botanical insectcides like EcoExempt KO (right) can be safely used indoors for a variety of pests. See label instructions for these applications.

As with any insecticide, please read and carefully follow these instructions.


Mission: To provide accurate, up-to-date and unbiased information for solving common insect and mite problems around your home, business and landscape using least-toxic methods.

Jack DeAngelis, Ph.D.

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